Tokenizing RWAs—including real estate, precious metals, infrastructure, and intellectual property—enables fractional ownership, reduces barriers to entry, and has the potential to unlock multi-trillion-dollar market opportunities. Conventional markets often struggle with illiquidity, opaque processes, and high transaction costs.

Novastro simplifies tokenization through a modular, cross-chain platform that streamlines the entire process for businesses and developers. Anchored to Ethereum’s secure ledger and extending to high-performance chains like Arbitrum, Sui, and Solana, Novastro merges blockchain-grade asset representation with the scalability, composability, and speed required for modern DeFi.

Built as a cross chain layer, Novastro offers intuitive interfaces and developer-friendly tools to tokenize, manage, and trade real-world assets seamlessly. Its architecture ensures easy integration with existing systems, allowing businesses to tokenize assets without disrupting their core operations.

By using smart contracts and SPV-based frameworks, Novastro automates compliance, asset lifecycle management, and settlement—eliminating intermediaries and reducing operational costs. This empowers enterprises and developers to innovate confidently, launching tokenized products with legal enforceability and broad market access across multiple chains.

Novastro is setting the standard for cross-chain RWA tokenization—eliminating silos, enhancing liquidity, and unlocking new revenue streams through interoperable, on-chain infrastructure.

Novastro is building a modular ledger layer for real-world assets (RWAs), anchoring issuance on Ethereum’s secure ledger while enabling high-performance trading across Arbitrum, Sui, and Solana networks. Designed as the ultimate bridge for RWA interoperability, Novastro’s multi-ledger architecture ensures universal access, eliminating silos and maximizing DeFi composability, surpassing single-chain constraints.

Powered by the $XNL token, Novastro drives smart SPV-based tokenization, on-chain yield through stablecoins, and AI-optimized asset strategies. With automated compliance, decentralized sequencing, and comprehensive service provider integration, Novastro establishes the open, scalable ledger standard for global RWA markets.

Why RWAs Are Becoming a Premier Investment Class?

The convergence of traditional finance and blockchain technology has unlocked a new era for real-world assets. Here’s why RWAs are gaining rapid traction as a high-potential investment vertical:

• Massive Market Size: The total addressable market for real-world assets—including real estate, infrastructure, intellectual property, and commodities—exceeds $800 trillion globally, creating one of the largest untapped opportunities for on-chain finance.

• Accelerating Growth: RWA tokenization is expected to grow at a CAGR of 20–25%, driven by institutional interest, regulatory advancements, and improved blockchain infrastructure.

• Tokenization Efficiency: Blockchain reduces transaction and administrative costs by up to 90% compared to traditional financial intermediaries. This makes asset ownership more efficient and accessible to global investors.

• 24/7 Liquidity: Unlike traditional markets that operate within limited hours and geographies, tokenized RWAs can be traded around the clock, increasing market participation and reducing liquidity constraints.

• Diversified Asset Classes: RWAs span a broad range—real estate, private credit, commodities, art, and IP—offering investors a unique way to diversify beyond volatile crypto markets.

• Attractive Returns: Historically, RWA-backed products (e.g., real estate, invoices, infrastructure bonds) have delivered 8–12% annual yields, often with lower volatility than digital-native DeFi instruments.

• Reduced Risk Exposure: RWA products are often backed by tangible assets, providing a buffer against speculative volatility and adding a layer of real-world security to DeFi portfolios.

• Improved Transparency & Compliance: Tokenization platforms like Novastro integrate automated compliance, smart contracts, and verifiable audits, enhancing trust for both retail and institutional investors.

• Global Access for Local Assets: RWAs democratize global investment—allowing a retail investor in Asia to invest in European real estate or U.S. invoices with a few clicks.

How Novastro Redefines RWA Investment Infrastructure?

The Novastro Chain introduces a modular, cross-chain ledger architecture purpose-built for real-world asset tokenization and DeFi integration. Here’s how it sets a new standard:

• Ethereum as the Anchor Ledger: All asset issuance and ownership are registered on Ethereum, ensuring institutional-grade trust and legal clarity.

• Cross-Chain Liquidity Access: Novastro enables high-performance trading and interoperability across Arbitrum, Sui, and Solana, eliminating silos and maximizing capital efficiency.

• Smart SPV-Based Tokenization: Novastro uses compliant Digital Twin Containers (DTCs) that automate lifecycle management—issuance, dividends, ownership transfer, and legal enforcement.

LEGAL DISCLAIMER

PLEASE READ THE ENTIRETY OF THIS "LEGAL DISCLAIMER" SECTION CAREFULLY. NOTHING HEREIN CONSTITUTES LEGAL, FINANCIAL, BUSINESS OR TAX ADVICE AND YOU ARE STRONGLY ADVISED TO CONSULT YOUR OWN LEGAL, FINANCIAL, TAX OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL ADVISOR(S) BEFORE ENGAGING IN ANY ACTIVITY IN CONNECTION HEREWITH. NEITHER BHAVISH LABS GLOBAL LTD (THE COMPANY), ANY OF THE PROJECT CONTRIBUTORS (THE NOVASTRO TEAM) WHO HAVE WORKED ON NOVASTRO (AS DEFINED HEREIN) OR PROJECT TO DEVELOP NOVASTRO IN ANY WAY WHATSOEVER, ANY DISTRIBUTOR AND/OR VENDOR OF $NOVAS TOKENS (OR SUCH OTHER RE-NAMED OR SUCCESSOR TICKER CODE OR NAME OF SUCH TOKENS) (THE DISTRIBUTOR), NOR ANY SERVICE PROVIDER SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY KIND OF DIRECT OR INDIRECT DAMAGE OR LOSS WHATSOEVER WHICH YOU MAY SUFFER IN CONNECTION WITH ACCESSING THE PAPER, DECK OR MATERIAL RELATING TO $NOVAS (THE TOKEN DOCUMENTATION) AVAILABLE ON THE PROJECT WEBSITE (THE WEBSITE, INCLUDING ANY SUB-DOMAINS THEREON) OR ANY OTHER WEBSITES OR MATERIALS PUBLISHED OR COMMUNICATED BY THE COMPANY OR ITS REPRESENTATIVES FROM TIME TO TIME.

Project purpose: You agree that you are acquiring $NOVAS to participate in Novastro and to obtain services on the ecosystem thereon. The Company, the Distributor and their respective affiliates would develop and contribute to the underlying source code for Novastro. The Company is acting solely as an arms’ length third party in relation to the $NOVAS distribution, and not in the capacity as a financial advisor or fiduciary of any person with regard to the distribution of $NOVAS.

Nature of the Token Documentation: The Token Documentation is a conceptual paper that articulates some of the main design principles and ideas for the creation of a digital token to be known as $NOVAS. The Token Documentation and the Website are intended for general informational purposes only and do not constitute a prospectus, an offer document, an offer of securities, a solicitation for investment, any offer to sell any product, item, or asset (whether digital or otherwise), or any offer to engage in business with any external individual or entity provided in said documentation. The information herein may not be exhaustive and does not imply any element of, or solicit in any way, a legally-binding or contractual relationship. There is no assurance as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and no representation, warranty or undertaking is or purported to be provided as to the accuracy or completeness of such information. Where the Token Documentation or the Website includes information that has been obtained from third party sources, the Company, the Distributor, their respective affiliates and/or the Novastro team have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of such information. Further, you acknowledge that the project development roadmap, platform/network functionality are subject to change and that the Token Documentation or the Website may become outdated as a result; and neither the Company nor the Distributor is under any obligation to update or correct this document in connection therewith.

Validity of Token Documentation and Website: Nothing in the Token Documentation or the Website constitutes any offer by the Company, the Distributor, or the Novastro team to sell any $NOVAS (as defined herein) nor shall it or any part of it nor the fact of its presentation form the basis of, or be relied upon in connection with, any contract or investment decision. Nothing contained in the Token Documentation or the Website is or may be relied upon as a promise, representation or undertaking as to the future performance of Novastro. The agreement between the Distributor (or any third party) and you, in relation to any distribution or transfer of $NOVAS, is to be governed only by the separate terms and conditions of such agreement.

The information set out in the Token Documentation and the Website is for community discussion only and is not legally binding. No person is bound to enter into any contract or binding legal commitment in relation to the acquisition of $NOVAS, and no digital asset or other form of payment is to be accepted on the basis of the Token Documentation or the Website. The agreement for distribution of $NOVAS and/or continued holding of $NOVAS shall be governed by a separate set of Terms and Conditions or Token Distribution Agreement (as the case may be) setting out the terms of such distribution and/or continued holding of $NOVAS (the Terms and Conditions), which shall be separately provided to you or made available on the Website. The Terms and Conditions must be read together with the Token Documentation. In the event of any inconsistencies between the Terms and Conditions and the Token Documentation or the Website, the Terms and Conditions shall prevail.

Deemed Representations and Warranties: By accessing the Token Documentation or the Website (or any part thereof), you shall be deemed to represent and warrant to the Company, the Distributor, their respective affiliates, and the Novastro team as follows:

1. in any decision to acquire any $NOVAS, you have not relied and shall not rely on any statement set out in the Token Documentation or the Website;

2. you shall at your own expense ensure compliance with all laws, regulatory requirements and restrictions applicable to you (as the case may be);

3. you acknowledge, understand and agree that $NOVAS may have no value, there is no guarantee or representation of value or liquidity for $NOVAS, and $NOVAS is not an investment product nor is it intended for any speculative investment whatsoever;

4. none of the Company, the Distributor, their respective affiliates, and/or the Novastro team shall be responsible for or liable for the value of $NOVAS, the transferability and/or liquidity of $NOVAS and/or the availability of any market for $NOVAS through third parties or otherwise; and

The Company, the Distributor and the Novastro team do not and do not purport to make, and hereby disclaims, all representations, warranties or undertaking to any entity or person (including without limitation warranties as to the accuracy, completeness, timeliness, or reliability of the contents of the Token Documentation or the Website, or any other materials published by the Company or the Distributor). To the maximum extent permitted by law, the Company, the Distributor, their respective affiliates and service providers shall not be liable for any indirect, special, incidental, consequential or other losses of any kind, in tort, contract or otherwise (including, without limitation, any liability arising from default or negligence on the part of any of them, or any loss of revenue, income or profits, and loss of use or data) arising from the use of the Token Documentation or the Website, or any other materials published, or its contents (including without limitation any errors or omissions) or otherwise arising in connection with the same. Prospective acquirors of $NOVAS should carefully consider and evaluate all risks and uncertainties (including financial and legal risks and uncertainties) associated with the distribution of $NOVAS, the Company, the Distributor and the Novastro team.

$NOVAS Token: The native cryptographically-secure fungible protocol token of Novastro (ticker symbol $NOVAS) is a transferable representation of attributed utility functions specified in the protocol/code of Novastro.

$NOVAS is a functional multi-utility token which will be used as the medium of exchange between participants on Novastro in a decentralised manner. The goal of introducing $NOVAS is to provide a convenient and secure mode of payment and settlement between participants who interact within the ecosystem on Novastro without any intermediaries such as centralised third party entity/institution/credit. It is not, and not intended to be, a medium of exchange accepted by the public (or a section of the public) as payment for goods or services or for the discharge of a debt; nor is it designed or intended to be used by any person as payment for any goods or services whatsoever that are not exclusively provided by the issuer. $NOVAS does not in any way represent any shareholding, ownership, participation, right, title, or interest in the Company, the Distributor, their respective affiliates, or any other company, enterprise or undertaking, nor will $NOVAS entitle token holders to any promise of fees, dividends, revenue, profits or investment returns, and are not intended to constitute securities in the British Virgin Islands, Singapore or any relevant jurisdiction. $NOVAS may only be utilised on Novastro, and ownership of the same carries no rights, express or implied, other than the right to use $NOVAS as a means to enable usage of and interaction within Novastro. The secondary market pricing of $NOVAS is not dependent on the effort of the Novastro team, and there is no token functionality or scheme designed to control or manipulate such secondary pricing.

For the avoidance of doubt, neither the Company nor the Distributor deals in, or is in the business of buying or selling any virtual asset or digital payment token (including $NOVAS). Any sale or distribution of tokens would be performed during a restricted initial period solely for the purpose of obtaining project development funds, raising market/brand awareness, as well as community building and social engagement; this is not conducted with any element of repetitiveness or regularity which would constitute a business.

Further, $NOVAS provides the economic incentives which will be distributed to encourage users to exert efforts towards contribution and participation in the ecosystem on Novastro, thereby creating a mutually beneficial system where every participant is fairly compensated for its efforts. $NOVAS is an integral and indispensable part of Novastro, because without $NOVAS, there would be no incentive for users to expend resources to participate in activities or provide services for the benefit of the ecosystem. Given that additional $NOVAS will be awarded to a user based only on its actual usage, activity and efforts made on Novastro and/or proportionate to the frequency and volume of transactions, users of Novastro and/or holders of $NOVAS which did not actively participate will not receive any $NOVAS incentives.

$NOVAS are designed to be utilised, and that is the goal of the $NOVAS distribution. In particular, it is highlighted that $NOVAS:

does not have any tangible or physical manifestation, and does not have any intrinsic value/pricing (nor does any person make any representation or give any commitment as to its value);

is non-refundable, not redeemable for any assets of any entity or organisation, and cannot be exchanged for cash (or its equivalent value in any other digital asset) or any payment obligation by the Company, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates;

does not represent or confer on the token holder any right of any form with respect to the Company, the Distributor (or any of their respective affiliates), or their revenues or assets, including without limitation any right to receive future dividends, revenue, shares, ownership right or stake, share or security, any voting, distribution, redemption, liquidation, proprietary (including all forms of intellectual property or licence rights), right to receive accounts, financial statements or other financial data, the right to requisition or participate in shareholder meetings, the right to nominate a director, or other financial or legal rights or equivalent rights, or intellectual property rights or any other form of participation in or relating to Novastro, the Company, the Distributor and/or their service providers;

is not intended to represent any rights under a contract for differences or under any other contract the purpose or intended purpose of which is to secure a profit or avoid a loss;

is not intended to be a representation of money (including electronic money), payment instrument, security, commodity, bond, debt instrument, unit in a collective investment or managed investment scheme or any other kind of financial instrument or investment;

is not a loan to the Company, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates, is not intended to represent a debt owed by the Company, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates, and there is no expectation of profit nor interest payment; and

does not provide the token holder with any ownership or other interest in the Company, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.

Notwithstanding the $NOVAS distribution, users have no economic or legal right over or beneficial interest in the assets of the Company, the Distributor, or any of their affiliates after the token distribution.

For the avoidance of doubt, neither the Company nor the Distributor deals in, or is in the business of buying or selling any virtual asset or digital payment token (including $NOVAS). Any sale or distribution of tokens would be performed during a restricted initial period solely for the purpose of obtaining project development funds, raising market/brand awareness, as well as community building and social engagement; this is not conducted with any element of repetitiveness or regularity which would constitute a business.

To the extent a secondary market or exchange for trading $NOVAS does develop, it would be run and operated wholly independently of the Company, the Distributor, the distribution of $NOVAS and Novastro. Neither the Company nor the Distributor will create such secondary markets nor will either entity act as an exchange for $NOVAS.

Informational purposes only: The information set out herein is only conceptual, and describes the future development goals for Novastro to be developed. In particular, the project roadmap in the Token Documentation is being shared in order to outline some of the plans of the Novastro team, and is provided solely for INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES and does not constitute any binding commitment. Please do not rely on this information in deciding whether to participate in the token distribution because ultimately, the development, release, and timing of any products, features or functionality remains at the sole discretion of the Company, the Distributor or their respective affiliates, and is subject to change. Further, the Token Documentation or the Website may be amended or replaced from time to time. There are no obligations to update the Token Documentation or the Website, or to provide recipients with access to any information beyond what is provided herein.

Regulatory approval: No regulatory authority has examined or approved, whether formally or informally, any of the information set out in the Token Documentation or the Website. No such action or assurance has been or will be taken under the laws, regulatory requirements or rules of any jurisdiction. The publication, distribution or dissemination of the Token Documentation or the Website does not imply that the applicable laws, regulatory requirements or rules have been complied with.

Cautionary Note on forward-looking statements: All statements contained herein, statements made in press releases or in any place accessible by the public and oral statements that may be made by the Company, the Distributor and/or the Novastro team, may constitute forward-looking statements (including statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations with respect to market conditions, business strategy and plans, financial condition, specific provisions and risk management practices). You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements given that these statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual future results to be materially different from that described by such forward-looking statements, and no independent third party has reviewed the reasonableness of any such statements or assumptions. These forward-looking statements are applicable only as of the date indicated in the Token Documentation, and the Company, the Distributor as well as the Novastro team expressly disclaim any responsibility (whether express or implied) to release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events after such date.

References to companies and platforms: The use of any company and/or platform names or trademarks herein (save for those which relate to the Company, the Distributor or their respective affiliates) does not imply any affiliation with, or endorsement by, any third party. References in the Token Documentation or the Website to specific companies and platforms are for illustrative purposes only.

English language: The Token Documentation and the Website may be translated into a language other than English for reference purpose only and in the event of conflict or ambiguity between the English language version and translated versions of the Token Documentation or the Website, the English language versions shall prevail. You acknowledge that you have read and understood the English language version of the Token Documentation and the Website.

No Distribution: No part of the Token Documentation or the Website is to be copied, reproduced, distributed or disseminated in any way without the prior written consent of the Company or the Distributor. By attending any presentation on this Token Documentation or by accepting any hard or soft copy of the Token Documentation, you agree to be bound by the foregoing limitations.

The market for tokenized Real-World Asset (RWAs) is growing exponentially as a result of improvements in blockchain technology, demand from investors for alternative assets, and changes in the regulatory framework. Trade and industry reports have estimated that the tokenization market had about $2.81 billion in 2023 and is set to grow at 18.8% CAGR to $13.20 billion in 2032. This increase could be explained by the rising demand for liquidity, as well as transparency and efficiency in both the management of financial assets and, in general, the financial market.

Real-World Asset Use Cases on Novastro

Novastro empowers a broad spectrum of real-world asset (RWA) applications through secure tokenization, automated compliance, and seamless cross-chain liquidity. By bridging traditional asset classes with modern blockchain infrastructure, Novastro transforms complex, illiquid assets into investable, transparent, and composable on-chain products. Below are the core asset verticals supported by Novastro:

Real Estate

Valued at over $326.5 trillion globally, real estate is a foundational but traditionally illiquid asset class. Novastro enables fractionalized ownership of premium residential, commercial, and industrial properties, making real estate accessible to a wider investor base. Through tokenization, individuals can purchase digital shares of properties, reducing capital barriers and enhancing liquidity.

Novastro further streamlines property investments by automating rent collection and income distribution using smart contracts. Token holders receive timely rental payouts based on ownership share, eliminating administrative overhead and enhancing reliability for income-seeking investors.

Precious Metals

The global precious metals market—comprising gold, silver, and platinum—exceeds $12.3 trillion in value. Novastro digitizes physically backed reserves, allowing investors to buy, sell, and trade tokens representing securely vaulted metals. These tokens ensure 1:1 backing with real assets, enhancing liquidity and providing a stable hedge against market volatility.

Additionally, Novastro enables DeFi-based yield opportunities for tokenized metal holdings, transforming passive reserves into productive assets.

3. Fine Art & Collectibles The fine art market is valued at approximately $1.7 trillion. Traditionally exclusive, this market has lacked liquidity and transparency. Novastro allows the fractional tokenization of high-value artworks and rare collectibles, bringing greater price discovery and investment access.

Smart contract integration ensures provenance tracking and automates royalty payments to creators, creating a more transparent and equitable ecosystem for both artists and investors.

4. Intellectual Property & Royalties Novastro enables creators, inventors, and rights holders to tokenize future income streams—such as royalties from music, films, books, and patents—into digital assets. This model enhances liquidity, allowing creators to access capital without selling full rights.

Smart contracts distribute royalty income to token holders in real time, improving transparency and cash flow predictability for investors. On-chain ownership records also ensure accurate revenue sharing and auditability.

5. Infrastructure & Project Finance With infrastructure needs projected to surpass $79 trillion by 2040, tokenized project finance offers new models for accessing long-term, stable capital. Novastro supports milestone-based fundraising, real-time tracking of project developments, and investor dashboards for performance monitoring.

By reducing funding bottlenecks and enhancing transparency, Novastro helps unlock capital for renewable energy, transportation, utilities, and smart city infrastructure.

6. Private Credit & SME Lending The private credit market, valued at over $1.6 trillion, presents high-yield opportunities yet remains fragmented and opaque. Novastro facilitates the tokenization of private loans, invoice factoring, and SME debt.

Borrowers gain access to global capital, while lenders receive interest payments and principal repayments through smart contracts. On-chain credit scoring and compliance filters ensure quality underwriting and transparency across borrower profiles.

7. Carbon Credits & ESG Assets With carbon markets projected to exceed $250 billion by 2030, tokenized carbon credits offer traceability, liquidity, and verifiability. Novastro integrates with certified registries to tokenize carbon offsets and ESG-linked instruments.

Its infrastructure automates retirement, certification, and transfer of carbon credits. This enables businesses and investors to actively participate in verified ESG markets, track emissions reductions, and build sustainable DeFi products.

Novastro’s tokenization platform transforms real-world assets (RWAs) into compliant, programmable digital tokens using a modular infrastructure that combines legal structures (SPVs), technical containers (DTCs), and automation logic (smart contracts). This enables fractional ownership, streamlined compliance, and interoperable liquidity across DeFi ecosystems.

Tokenization Framework

At the core of Novastro’s model are two key mechanisms:

Tokenizing real-world assets (RWAs) isn't just about minting tokens—it's about replicating the real-world legal, financial, and operational integrity of those assets on-chain.

Novastro’s Service Provider Integration Layer is the middleware that enables this by connecting tokenized assets to verified off-chain service providers: custodians, auditors, appraisers, legal firms, KYC providers, insurers, and more.

This layer provides standardized APIs, data schemas, and oracle endpoints that allow service providers to interface directly with Digital Twin Containers (DTCs)—ensuring every asset remains legally compliant, financially accurate, and operationally transparent.

Architecture overview:

1. Modular Integration Framework

• Standardized API Schemas: RESTful and GraphQL endpoints for pushing data into DTC contracts

• Smart Contract Hooks: Service actions trigger on-chain behaviors (e.g., compliance enforcement)

• Oracle Bridges: Off-chain data (from appraisers, auditors) is relayed on-chain via trusted oracles (e.g., Chainlink, Redstone)

Each provider is integrated once and becomes reusable across all tokenized assets on Novastro.

2. Provider Roles & Capabilities

How we do it?

Custodian Integration

• A licensed custodian manages the real-world asset within an SPV.

• The custodian pushes periodic proofs of ownership and custody data to Novastro.

• This data is relayed on-chain via an oracle, updating the DTC’s state and allowing compliant trading to continue.

Audit & Appraisal Feeds

• An auditor publishes a verified quarterly report on a real estate token’s rental income.

• The report is hashed and recorded on-chain, visible to investors.

• Simultaneously, an appraiser updates the market value, affecting trading logic or collateral ratios in DeFi.

KYC-as-a-Service

• KYC providers are pre-integrated using a whitelisted smart contract pattern.

• When an investor tries to buy a token, their wallet address is verified and added to the DTC’s eligible participant list.

• Transfers to unverified addresses are blocked at the contract level.

Insurance-backed Assets

• Insurance companies underwrite tokenized invoice pools or real estate vaults.

• Policies are encoded into the DTC (e.g., auto-payout on missed repayments).

• Investors see the insurance coverage directly within the asset dashboard, increasing confidence

Developer & Issuer Experience

For Asset Issuers:

• Plug-and-play marketplace to select KYC, legal, audit, and custodian partners.

• Automatically embedded into the DTC at creation time.

• No need to build from scratch—choose from pre-vetted integrations.

For Developers:

• Unified API layer to query all third-party services attached to a token.

• Listen to service events (e.g., new appraisal, audit posted, coverage started) and trigger protocol logic.

• Build dashboards or DeFi integrations that reflect real-time service-backed data.

Network Effects

The integration layer isn’t just backend plumbing—it’s a network of trust.

• Each service provider added strengthens the ecosystem’s compliance and credibility.

• Issuers are incentivized to work with high-quality services to attract more investors.

• New providers onboard once and gain exposure to the entire Novastro ecosystem.

Over time, this creates a self-reinforcing flywheel.

→ More providers → Higher asset quality → More users → More demand for providers

The Marketplace & Trading Module is Novastro’s user-facing venue for discovering, analyzing, and trading tokenized real-world assets (RWAs). It combines the best of DeFi liquidity, cross-chain execution, and user-friendly design—built to make RWA trading as intuitive as using a traditional financial platform.

Core Functions

This module enables:

• Instant swaps via AMMs on Ethereum and EVM-compatible chains

• Order-book based trading through integrations with partner DEXs

• Aggregated RWA listings with real-world financial data

• Cross-chain execution powered by Novastro’s messaging hub

• Retail-friendly dashboards with price charts, asset analytics, and portfolio views

Architecture & Trading Models

1. AMM-Based Trading (Instant Swaps)

On Ethereum and compatible chains like Arbitrum, Novastro curates liquidity pools for tokenized assets using popular AMM models (e.g., Uniswap-style pools).

• Example pairs:

  • Real estate token / USDC

  • Invoicing token / ETH

• Users can buy or sell fractions of RWAs in real-time

2. Order Book Trading (Price-Time Priority)

For users who prefer a traditional exchange experience, Novastro integrates with order-book DEXs on high-performance chains:

• Injective (Cosmos ecosystem) – Offers high-speed, low-latency order book trading

• Serum (Solana ecosystem) – Suitable for assets tokenized or bridged to Solana

Upcoming integrations will include emerging intent-based and RFQ-style DEXs

This setup allows professional traders and institutions to trade RWAs using market/limit orders and manage positions efficiently.

Aggregated RWA Marketplace

Novastro's web app features a unified RWA Marketplace Portal where users can:

• Browse a curated list of tokenized assets

• View detailed asset information:

  • Asset type (e.g., real estate, invoice, commodity)

  • Appraisal/valuation data

UI/UX Focus

The trading module is designed with a non-crypto-native user in mind. Users can expect:

• Clean dashboards with portfolio summaries and price history

• Fiat-style asset metrics (e.g., yield %, valuation, ROI)

• Integrated order management

• Minimal blockchain jargon, full support for wallet-based and email-based onboarding

Novastro’s Cross-Chain Bridge & Messaging Hub is the behind-the-scenes engine that allows Novastro-issued tokens (DTC-based RWA tokens) to flow frictionlessly between Ethereum (issuance layer) & Arbitrum, Solana, Sui, and other supported ecosystems (trading layer).

What Is It?

The Cross-Chain Bridge & Messaging Hub is a foundational Novastro module that:

• Handles interoperability between multiple blockchains

• Uses trusted, secure third-party bridges (Wormhole, LayerZero, Axelar)

• Manages token transfers, fee payments, and chain-specific logic

• Enables RWA tokens to function multichain without worrying about infrastructure

The module comprises:

• Smart contracts deployed on Ethereum and supported destination chains

• Off-chain relayers/oracles that monitor events and pass messages

• A unified API/interface used by other Novastro components for sending/receiving tokens or data across chains

How It Works (Step-by-Step)

Example: Moving a Token from Ethereum to Solana

1. User Request Initiation The user initiates a transfer via Novastro’s interface—choosing to move a token from Ethereum to Solana.

2. Token Locking (Ethereum Side) The bridge contract on Ethereum locks the original token in a vault. This ensures the total circulating supply remains secure and traceable.

3. Message Relay An off-chain relayer or oracle picks up the event and communicates it to the Solana-side bridge contract via Wormhole, LayerZero, or Axelar.

Fee Abstraction

Cross-chain transfers usually require native gas tokens on each chain. Novastro abstracts this complexity:

• Users can pay fees in ETH, $NOVAS, or other supported tokens

• The hub handles gas conversion and pays the required fee on the destination chain

Result: Users don’t need to keep wallets topped up with Solana, SUI, or ARB tokens.

Why are We Using Third-Party Bridges?

Instead of building a custom bridge (which increases risk), Novastro leverages top-tier, audited networks:

• Wormhole – Used by many leading DeFi apps across Solana and Ethereum

• LayerZero – Known for ultra-fast messaging and minimal trust assumptions

• Axelar – Offers general message passing and secure asset transfers

This allows Novastro to focus on product innovation while relying on proven security for interoperability.

Novastro’s Digital Twin Containers (DTCs) are the backbone of its real-world asset (RWA) tokenization and compliance system. They aren’t just smart contracts—they’re programmable, compliant, and legally backed representations of physical or financial assets on-chain.

Let’s break down what they are and how they impact different stakeholders:

What Are DTCs?

A DTC is a smart contract deployed on Ethereum that represents a specific real-world asset (or asset pool). It performs several key functions:

1. Increased Institutional Adoption

Financial institutions are increasingly exploring tokenization to modernize the management of traditionally illiquid assets such as real estate, private equity, infrastructure, and commodities. This shift is driven by the demand for improved transparency, liquidity, and operational efficiency.

Novastro addresses institutional needs through:

• Enterprise-grade APIs for asset tokenization, compliance, audit, and transaction automation.

$XNL is the cornerstone of Novastro, designed to fuel the ecosystem and enhance its functionality at every level. Serving as the primary utility token, $XNL enables smooth operations across the platform while ensuring scalability, efficiency, and robust transaction throughput, and is designed to be used solely as an interoperable utility token thereon.

It empowers token holders with active roles in decentralized governance, staking, and liquidity provision, creating a dynamic and engaged community. $XNL also plays a crucial part in tokenized Real World Asset (RWA) management, protocol fees, and integrating cutting-edge technologies like Digital Twin Containers (DTC).

Hereʼs how $XNL drives the Novastro ecosystem:

• Native Gas Token: $XNL will be used to pay for transaction fees on the Novastro, ensuring seamless and cost-effective operations while supporting scalability and high transaction throughput.

Ethereum has emerged as a foundational platform for tokenizing real-world assets (RWA) – turning physical or financial assets (real estate, commodities, securities, etc.) into blockchain-based tokens. As a public blockchain with robust security and smart contract capabilities, Ethereum provides the trust and standards needed to bring real assets on-chain.

Ethereum’s Role in Tokenized Asset Issuance

Ethereum plays a pivotal role in RWA tokenization by providing a secure, standardized, and widely accepted base layer for issuing tokens that represent real assets. Several key factors make Ethereum the platform of choice for RWA issuance:

Proven Security & Trust

Ethereum is the world’s most widely used smart contract blockchain, secured by thousands of decentralized validators. It has a long track record of safely securing billions of dollars in value. This high level of security and decentralization gives investors and institutions confidence that tokenized assets on Ethereum benefit from strong protection against tampering or unauthorized changes.

In practice, using Ethereum as the primary ledger “anchors” RWA tokens to a network that is widely trusted and battle-tested. Major institutions have demonstrated this trust by conducting high-value asset issuances on Ethereum – for example, in 2019 Santander issued a $20 million bond and in 2021 the European Investment Bank issued a €100 million digital bond on the Ethereum network. Such events underscore that even for real-world financial instruments, Ethereum is seen as a dependable ledger.

Mature Standards & Interoperability

Ethereum introduced standard token protocols (like ERC-20 for fungible tokens and ERC-721 for non-fungible tokens) which have become globally adopted in the blockchain ecosystem. By following these standards, tokenized assets issued on Ethereum are immediately compatible with a wide range of wallets, exchanges, and applications.

This interoperability is crucial: an ERC-20 token representing an asset can be stored or transferred using the same infrastructure as any other Ethereum token. Additionally, Ethereum’s standards continue to evolve to meet RWA needs. For instance, new token standards such as ERC-3643 enable permissioned tokens that embed compliance features (like identity verification and transfer restrictions) directly into the token’s code, making them ideal for regulated assets like securities or real estate. These common standards reduce development complexity and ensure that RWA tokens can be easily recognized and handled across the industry.

Compliance-Friendly Smart Contracts

A critical advantage of Ethereum is that it is programmable – one can write smart contracts to enforce complex rules. This means compliance requirements (KYC/AML checks, investor eligibility, trading restrictions, etc.) can be baked into the asset’s token contract itself. In fact, Ethereum’s flexibility has given rise to purpose-built security token standards (e.g. ERC-1400 and ERC-3643) that allow only verified investors to hold or transfer a token, automatically enforcing regulations in each transaction.

For users, this assures that holding a tokenized asset can come with built-in legal safeguards. For example, a token representing a share in a private fund might only be transferable to whitelisted (approved) addresses, preventing illicit trades or accidental non-compliant transfers. Ethereum’s smart contracts essentially serve as automated compliance officers, which is a major reason institutions feel comfortable issuing RWAs on a public blockchain.

Institutional Acceptance & Ecosystem

As the first major smart contract platform, Ethereum benefits from a vast ecosystem of developers, tools, and services. Institutional acceptance of Ethereum is high – it’s viewed as the “default” public ledger for serious tokenization projects.

Custody providers, auditing firms, and regulators have accumulated experience with Ethereum-based tokens, which means any new RWA issuance can plug into an existing framework of custody solutions and oversight.

The extensive DeFi (decentralized finance) ecosystem on Ethereum is also a draw: once assets are tokenized, they can potentially be used in Ethereum’s global financial network (for lending, trading, collateral in stablecoin systems, etc.). This broad liquidity and utility is appealing to users.

TL;DR

Ethereum offers not just the technical means to tokenize an asset, but a ready marketplace and infrastructure in which that token can operate.

Novastro: Ethereum as the Source Ledger for Cross-Chain RWA Issuance

Novastro is a cutting-edge RWA tokenization platform that specifically leverages Ethereum as the “source of truth” ledger for asset issuance, while also enabling usage of those assets across multiple blockchains. In Novastro’s model, every real-world asset token (and even its platform’s stablecoin) is initially issued and registered on Ethereum Mainnet.

This means the Ethereum blockchain serves as the primary record of ownership and compliance for all assets, providing the maximum level of security and institutional trust. From this Ethereum base, Novastro then extends the assets to other networks to gain speed and lower costs, effectively combining the strengths of Ethereum with the benefits of modern blockchains.

In practice, here’s how Novastro works and what it means for users:

Ethereum Anchor Ledger

By using Ethereum as the anchor, Novastro ensures that every tokenized asset is backed by the security and final settlement assurances of Ethereum. For users, this translates to confidence that their asset’s ultimate record is on a highly secure, globally recognized ledger. Ethereum’s “mature standards and institutional acceptance” provide a reliable base for asset provenance and legal clarity. Even if an asset moves to other chains temporarily (for faster trading or other purposes), Ethereum remains the single source of truth for who owns what.

Compliance Assurance through DTCs

Novastro employs a Digital Twin Container (DTC) framework for each tokenized asset. A DTC is essentially a specialized smart contract on Ethereum that represents a real-world asset (or a pool of assets) and automates its lifecycle – from token issuance to investor management. Crucially, DTCs have compliance built-in by design. When an asset originator tokenizes an asset via Novastro, the platform creates a new Ethereum smart contract (the DTC) for that asset and mints the corresponding tokens (ERC-20 for fungible assets or ERC-721 for one-of-a-kind assets as needed).

Each DTC smart contract is programmed with the asset’s specific rules and legal compliance constraints. For example, the contract can enforce that only KYC-verified (identity-checked) addresses can hold or transfer the token, or it can automatically block transfers that would violate securities laws or geographic restrictions.

These rules are effectively legal clauses embedded in code, ensuring that compliance is continuously enforced on-chain. For users, this means when they hold a Novastro-issued token, they can be assured that everyone else holding or trading that token is also an eligible, verified participant. It creates a layer of trust and safety – the likelihood of fraud, money laundering, or regulatory breaches is minimized by the technology itself. From an issuer’s perspective, it aligns the on-chain token with off-chain legal requirements at all times, which is critical for real-world asset legitimacy.

Legal Asset Custody via Off-Chain SPVs

Every tokenized asset on Novastro is backed by an off-chain Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) or legal entity that holds the real asset on behalf of token holders. In simpler terms, when you buy a token that represents, say, a piece of real estate or a loan, Novastro’s framework ensures that there is a legal entity (the SPV) which actually owns that property or loan in the real world, and your token gives you specific rights to it. T

he DTC smart contract on Ethereum is digitally “twinned” to that SPV – linking the on-chain token to the off-chain asset. This structure provides asset-backed confidence to users: the tokens aren’t just floating digital claims; they are legally tied to real-world ownership. It also means compliance between the on-chain and off-chain world stays synchronized.

For instance, if the SPV pays out a dividend or rental income from the asset, the DTC will distribute those funds to token holders on-chain in a programmable way. If a token is sold to a new owner on-chain, the SPV’s records update correspondingly. This tight coupling of legal ownership and blockchain records – what Novastro calls “real-world composability” – is powerful. It upgrades an RWA token from being a static representation (like a digital certificate) to a dynamic financial instrument that is legally enforceable yet can seamlessly interact with DeFi protocols and marketplaces.

For users, it means they get the benefits of digitization (speed, global reach, programmability) without losing the legal protections of traditional ownership.

Cross-Chain Usability and Scalability One of Novastro’s distinguishing features is its multi-chain strategy. After anchoring assets on Ethereum, Novastro uses secure cross-chain bridges to make those assets available on various other blockchains – including Ethereum Layer-2 networks (like Arbitrum, Base, Optimism), non-EVM chains such as Solana or Sui, and even Cosmos ecosystem chains.

The goal is to let users use and trade their assets on whichever network offers the best experience without fragmenting the asset’s core integrity. For example, a user could move their tokenized asset to an Ethereum L2 or another chain to take advantage of faster, low-cost transactions or specific DeFi applications, then later bring it back to Ethereum if desired. Throughout these moves, Ethereum maintains the authoritative ledger of ownership (the tokens on other chains are like extensions or representations of the Ethereum token, facilitated by bridges).

This offers the best of both worlds: users enjoy the speed and low fees of modern high-performance blockchains while Ethereum’s security and compliance guarantees remain in force behind the scenes. In practical terms, a Novastro user might purchase a tokenized commodity on Ethereum, bridge it to an Optimism or Solana for immediate trading or yield farming, and still have the peace of mind that the asset’s provenance and legal status trace back to Ethereum. By eliminating the usual trade-off between security and scalability, Novastro’s cross-chain approach broadens market access – assets can find the best liquidity and utility across ecosystems, rather than being siloed on one chain.

Real-world asset (RWA) trading in Web3 suffers from fragmentation, high fees, and regulatory complexity. Novastro solves this with a multi-chain trading infrastructure that turns tokenized assets into freely tradable, high-liquidity financial instruments—across chains, protocols, and execution models.

Ethereum Layer 2s (Arbitrum, Optimism, Base)

Ethereum remains the gold standard for institutional trust, but mainnet fees and scalability limit its usability. Novastro extends its RWA infrastructure onto Ethereum L2s to unlock scalable trading.

How it Works:

• Novastro deploys trading contracts and mirror DTC logic on L2 chains like Arbitrum and Optimism.

• Tokenized RWAs issued on Ethereum can be bridged and traded on these L2s using liquidity or canonical bridges.

• These L2 environments support DEX liquidity pools (Uniswap-style), lending markets (like Aave), and permissioned vaults.

Solana: High-Speed Trading for Tokenized Assets

Solana’s parallel processing and low-latency infrastructure is ideal for high-frequency RWA markets, such as tokenized equities, invoice trading, or short-term debt.

How it Works:

• Ethereum-based RWAs are bridged to Solana as SPL tokens via Wormhole.

• These tokens are listed on order-book DEXs like Serum or permissioned DeFi markets.

• Novastro’s marketplace UI integrates Solana-native liquidity options alongside EVM assets.

Sui: Move-Based DeFi for RWAs

Novastro integrates with Sui to explore novel DeFi logic for RWAs using the Move programming language—ideal for structured asset management, vaults, and dynamic ownership.

How it Works:

• Wrapped RWA tokens are bridged from Ethereum and re-issued on Sui.

• Sui smart contracts use object-centric logic, ideal for managing asset ownership, compliance states, and rebalancing.

• The parallelized transaction engine allows real-time execution for strategies like RWA yield farming and tranche-based debt instruments.

Cosmos Chains (Injective, Osmosis)

Novastro enables IBC-compatible deployments for RWAs via the Cosmos ecosystem—focusing on Injective’s order books and Osmosis’s liquidity AMMs.

How it Works:

• Bridging from Ethereum to Injective or Osmosis is done via Axelar or Gravity Bridge.

• Tokenized RWAs are integrated into Injective for order book trading or into Osmosis for real-time AMM-based swaps.

• Novastro also supports CosmWasm contracts for governance, compliance, oracles, and insurance modules.

Cross-Chain Orchestration (Bridge & Messaging Hub)

To tie all chains together, Novastro uses a Cross-Chain Messaging Hub that abstracts away bridging complexity and gas management for end users.

Key Components:

• Wormhole for Ethereum–Solana–Sui bridging.

• LayerZero or Axelar for generalized messaging (e.g., Ethereum ↔ Cosmos).

• Relayers and Executors to automate the mint/burn and lock/unlock processes.

Features:

• Unified asset ID tracking across all chains.

• Gas abstraction—users can pay in native or platform tokens.

• Callback mechanism: smart contracts are notified automatically upon cross-chain token arrivals.

Novastro’s Yield Farming & Structured Products Module is designed to make real-world assets (RWAs) yield-bearing and DeFi-native. This module gives both passive and active crypto investors access to structured, risk-adjusted returns derived from tokenized real-world assets—all within a multichain, user-friendly experience.

Core Functions

This module enables: